Auditing Standard Of Lehman Brothers Collapse And Applicability

Question: Examine about the Lehman Brothers Collapse And Applicability Of New Auditing Standard 701 Answer: Presentation The title of the report is the Lehman Brothers breakdown and the presentation of new examining standard 701. The title recommend that the breakdown is itself is the history and there has been some shortcoming with respect to the organization also with respect to the reviewers that is the reason the new evaluating standard has been created and actualized following the breakdown of the incomparable Lehman Brothers. The point of the report is to distinguish the reasons with respect to why the Lehman siblings have been fell and the reasons of crash made by the evaluators and what key issues ought to have been accounted for by the reviewer which would have maintained a strategic distance from the breakdown of Lehman Brothers. In the primary segment the recorded foundation of the organization Lehman Brothers will be examined and reasons will be talked about concerning why the organization has been fell. In the second segment the reasons will be referenced and talked about in detail with re spect to why the reviewers have not referenced the reality of bookkeeping misrepresentation with respect to the organization in his yearly report. From that point in the following area the presentation of the new inspecting standard has been referenced and its relevance has additionally been referenced and recorded the key review matters that will be accounted for by the evaluators in his review report. At that point the key review matters have recorded which ought to have been accounted for by the evaluator in his review report which would have maintained a strategic distance from the breakdown. At the last the report has been wound up with the correct end and proposal. With these points and the reason, the report has been set up in the characterized segments and sections. Lehman Brothers History And Collapse The organization Lehman Brothers was established by Henry layman in the time of eighteen thousand and forty four and has opened its first office in Alabama. At the outset years he continues offering the dry products to the clients of that area. After the joining of his two siblings in the business and with the regularly developing cotton showcase nearness here, they have extended their business into the field of the cotton and begin offering the dry merchandise to clients in return of dry cotton as opposed to cash. Presently they are into the cotton business. Before long during the time of English Civil war it has been perceived that the there was place where all the representatives are locked in as the commission operators and they have chosen to move to that put and have begun the matter of appointing and begin going about as a specialist. With the English common war, numerous streets, spans and different transportations framework requires the tremendous redesign and Government has begun skimming the delicate for work and the applying temporary workers or the organizations were found in the need of assets to get the delicate and the work began. With this the matter of financing has taken its pace and Lehman Brothers from that period has begun the arrangement of banking and starts giving the assets to different organizations and contractual workers and with the progression of time it has gotten one of the main ventures banking organization serving the clients over the United States of America and different pieces of the World (HBS, 2014). On fifteenth September of 2008, the Lehman Brothers have recorded the liquidation application for security which have stunned all the financial organizations over the world and has been announced as one reason for development of the worldwide money related emergency for the year 2009 (Azadinamin, 2013). The Lehman Brothers have been fell not out of nowhere however has been confronting the most exceedingly terrible circumstance throughout the previous eight years beginning from the time of 2000. The purposes behind the breakdown of the Lehman Brothers are: Bookkeeping Flaws The Company has been utilizing the strategies of Repo 105 exchanges. These exchanges are allowable by the bookkeeping gauges and the organizations demonstration 2001 if the nature and sort of the exchange continues as before as referenced in the bookkeeping standard. Be that as it may, Lehman siblings have abused the arrangement. Repo 105 exchanges express that the organization may offer the protections to the forthcoming purchasers in lieu of money and afterward after the specified time will repurchase the security from them at premium (Chadha, 2016). The substance of the exchange is that the organization needs to deal first and repurchases the equivalent inside the predefined period. However, in genuine the organization has done the understandings for repurchase of the protections yet the reason has been vanquished by simply selling the protections and not regarding equivalent to the advance and advance which has brought about the controlled figures of the fiscal summaries and the real has been escaped the reality. This has been winning throughout the previous eight years however nobody has seen this reality. Because of this extortion the organization has been running into misfortunes in genuine yet has been in benefit and revealing the quarterly benefits (Farndale, 2008).. Absence of Buyer The Company preceding the date of documenting the insolvency assurance was in the desire of having any purchaser who could buy or obtain the advantages and liabilities of Lehman Brothers. The organization has had the option to discover the purchaser Barclays Bank however a similar obtaining has been limited by the Government guidelines. Because of which the obtaining wasn't possible. Different banks that have confronted the monetary emergency have had the option to discover the purchasers like Merrill Lynch and so on (Johnson, 2012). Absence of Rehabilitation Loan The central bank of India has upheld from giving the credit to the organization for its recovery and restoration as the companys day by day costs are being brought about from the day by day advances that the organization continues taking from the banks (Maux and Morin, 2011). The down turn has besides as a result of profound interest in the land division and around then it was at its pinnacle and all the while the organization couldn't get the installment from the borrowers and the advance given has become the awful obligations. Subsequently, these variables separated from the liquidity issue and the overwhelming expense of worker significantly have prompted the breakdown of Lehman Brothers (Dutta, 2010). Explanations behind Collision Of The Auditors In Fraud The inspector needs to make reference to all the issues that he thinks to be unveiled by the materiality in his examiner report on the budget reports of the organization. He alongside the applicable divulgence needs to offer the input with respect to whether the fiscal summaries of the organization speak to the valid and reasonable perspective on the undertakings of the organization. The significant reasons with regards to why the evaluator has not uncovered the material realities in the examiner report are clarified underneath: The examiner of the organization has gotten the high compensation for the review of the most recent eight years on continuous premise adding up to $150 million and might be a direct result of that the review firm is feeling the squeeze to give the unfit review report (Chatterjee, 2015, Mc 2010 and Inman, 2014). The examiner of the organization was having the view that the organization has been working and entering the exchange of Repo 105 inside the arrangement of the applicable bookkeeping standard (Goldstien, 2014). . With this doubt the evaluator has not applied the significant and extra review systems through which the misrepresentation could have been handily characterized. The reviewer has not checked the income explanations of the organization and has aimlessly marked the income proclamation which in any case was demonstrating the negative change in real money or money reciprocals throughout the previous eight years (Coenen, 2010). Presentation Of New Auditing Standard 701 January 2015 is the history making period in the field of the review and the most significant standard in examining rehearses has been presented by International Auditing Assurance Standard Board that ISA 701-Communicating the Key Audit Matter (KAM) in the revealing of the evaluator where the examiner has given the Clean Opinion as a piece of Independent Audit Report. This standard is additionally informed in 2016 by American Auditing Assurance Standard Board and applies on every single American organization recorded in New York Stock Exchange. The expectation of this standard is that the examiner should: Discover the issues which can be considered as Key Audit Matters, and Notice these distinguished issues in the Independent Auditor Report The issues which are considered as Key Audit Matters are pick by evaluator from the data given by those accused of administration and have been surveyed by inspector from his expert discovering (AASB, 2015). The reviewer will decide the KAM subsequent to doing conversations with those accused of administration and afterward among these examined issues inspector will recognize the critical zones which require his consideration and definite review systems. The accompanying key territories help the inspector in confirming the KAM: Regions perceive according to ASA 315 corresponding to distinguishing and surveying the material misquotes in the association and its interior and outside condition containing high dangers. Territories where the administration has taken bookkeeping gauges for recording the vulnerability in the exchanges. Regions where the review systems have had effect on exchanges and its legitimacy. The evaluator will survey the significant issues from above regions and called them as Key Audit Matters. Subsequent to deciding the Key Audit Matters, the evaluator needs to impart these issues in the review report. Each issues so recognized by the evaluator should unveiled appropriately in the review report by containing the accompanying: What are purposes behind considering the specific issue as Key Audit Matters What are the techniques utilized by the reviewers for evaluation of key review matters and their suggestions and if any restorative activities is required to be performed whether they have been performed and if so what are the ramifications of these activities and whatever other significant point which needs speculators consideration on the issue. Key

Explain why students studying for a specialist business-related degree Essay

Clarify why understudies reading for an authority business-related degree are required to examine a scope of different controls - Essay Example Bð µyond this, thð µ nð µÃ° µd is for somð µ knowlð µdgð µ of businð µss Ð °nd Ð µconomic fundð °mð µntð °ls, of thð µ Ð °rt of communicð °tion, Ð °nd of thð µ problð µms crð µÃ° °tð µd by orgð °nizð °tionð °l rð µlð °tionships, Ð °s wð µll Ð °s for thð µ sort of broð °d bð °ckground thð °t contributð µs to thð µ bð °sic Ð °bilitið µs mð µntionð µd Ð ° momð µnt Ð °go. In this pð °pð µr I would likð µ to Ð µlð °borð °tð µ morð µ on why studð µnts reading for Ð ° spð µcið °list businð µss-rð µlð °tð µd dð µgrð µÃ° µ Ð °rð µ rð µquirð µd to examine Ð ° rð °ngð µ of othð µr disciplinð µs. So which disciplinð µs Ð °nd aptitudes Ð °rð µ thð µ most importð °nt? Thð µ most impð µrð °tivð µ abilities Ð °rð µ Ð °nð °lyticð °l Ð °bility, judgmð µnt, expertise in intð µrpð µrsonð °l rð µlð °tions, thð µ Ð °bility to Ð °ccð µpt rð µsponsibility Ð °nd to mð °kð µ dð µcisions, gð µnð µrð °l Ð °dministrð °tivð µ aptitudes (counting thð µ cð °pð °city to lð µÃ° °d othð µrs, to plð °n, to orgð °nizð µ Ð °nd dð µlð µgð °tð µ), brð µÃ° °dth Ð °nd flð µxibility of psyche, imð °ginð °tion, fð °cility in pð µrsonð °l communicð °tion, Ð °nd solid pð µrsonð °l motivð °tion. Thð µsð µ quð °litið µs Ð °rð µ not nð µÃ° µdð µd in prð µcisð µly thð µ sð °mð µ combinð °tion f or Ð µvð µry typð µ of position Ð °nd for Ð °ll sorts of cð °rð µÃ° µrs in businð µss. However, pð °rticulð °rly for thð µ highð µr Ð °dministrð °tivð µ positions, thð µy sð µÃ° µm to bð µ thð µ quð °litið µs thð °t nð µÃ° µd most to bð µ Ð µmphð °sizð µd. With thð µ incrð µÃ° °sing complð µxity of businð µss opð µrð °tions, thð µ nð µÃ° µd for stð °ff spð µcið °lists is incrð µÃ° °sing, Ð °t thð µ sð °mð µ timð µ thð °t thð µrð µ continuð µs to bð µ Ð °n insistð µnt dð µmð °nd for Ð °blð µ Ð °dministrð °tors. Mð °ny studð µnts will discover thð °t thð µy cð °n mð °kð µ thð µir most significð °nt commitment in stð °ff positions. Howð µvð µr, thð µ developing nð µÃ° µd will bð µ for mð µn with Ð ° high lð µvð µl of Ð °nð °lyticð °l Ð °bility Ð °nd with Ð ° sophisticð °tð µd commð °nd of Ð °nð °lyticð °l Ð °nd rð µsð µÃ° °rch apparatuses dð µrivð µd from thð µ fundð °mð µntð °l disciplinð µs. Sound trð °ining in thð µ physicð °l Ð °nd socið °l scið µncð µs Ð °nd in mð °thð µmð °tics Ð °nd

Hancock, John

Hancock, John Hancock, John, 1737â€"93, political leader in the American Revolution, signer of the Declaration of Independence, b. Braintree, Mass. From an uncle he inherited Boston's leading mercantile firm, and naturally he opposed the Stamp Act (1765) and other British trade restrictions. In 1768 his ship Liberty was seized as a smuggler and confiscated by the crown. A riot ensued, and later the ship was burned. Hancock was hailed as a martyr and elected (1766) to the legislature, where he joined Samuel Adams in advocating resistance to England. In 1775, Gen. Thomas Gage issued a warrant for their arrest, but they escaped. Hancock was a member (1775â€"80, 1785â€"86) and president (1775â€"77, 1785â€"86) of the Continental Congress. His name appears first (and largest) on the Declaration of Independence, and the term John Hancock is often used to mean a signature. He was governor of Massachusetts (1780â€"85, 1787â€"93). See biographies by L. Sears (1912, repr. 1972), W. T. Baxter (1945 ), H. S. Allan (1948), and F. Wagner (1964). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Analysis Of Persepolis - 1384 Words

In 20th century Iran, a few months was all it took to send the nation into chaos- marking the return of strict traditionalist beliefs and sparking wars over power for many years to come; a historical landmark known as the Iranian Revolution. The revolution involved the overthrow of Iranian ruler Reza Shah in 1978, which ultimately led to the establishment of a republic later on. Throughout this painstaking process of cultural revolution, many Iranian civilians suffered, including a young Marjane Satrapi, who authored Persepolis, a graphic novel recounting her childhood in Iran and her coming-of-age abroad in Europe. In her â€Å"memoir-in-comic-strips†, Satrapi highlighted the theme of â€Å"persisting conflicts†, or conflicts that were constant the†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, she was depicted in a real world setting (the burial site), as opposed to an imaginary one (the â€Å"open space† of her mind from earlier), showing her greater hold on reali ty. The final case of death-induced trauma was shown on page 142, where the death of the Baba-Levy’s initiated one of her greatest known cases of anguish, which was depicted by an imageless panel and the caption â€Å"No scream in the world could have relieved my suffering and my anger.† The following panels on page 143 illustrated the effect of this latest experience by her rebellion of hitting the school principal and the text â€Å"I was fourteen and a rebel. Nothing scared me anymore.† Even though her new nerve contained traces of stubbornness and ignorance, it most revealingly showed her new mental-toughness. Marji’s breakups with her numerous lovers taught her how to cope with personal conflicts as a young adult while giving her more independence. Her first boyfriend, Enrique, broke up with Marji after discovering that he was gay. Although she initially felt relief that she had not been the problem, she still showed clear signs of frustration after the breakup (as shown by the the text â€Å"This chaste love affair frustrated me more than it satisfied me.† on page 214). Her next breakup was with Markus, who had secretly manipulated her into satisfying his own needs. After reaching this conclusion through some retrospection that followed her catching him cheating,Show MoreRelatedPersepolis Analysis1164 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Complete Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi, she provides a detailed account of what it was like to live amidst the Islamic revolution. She does so by depicting her life through a series of comic strips, which allows the reader to gain a better underst anding of expressions and emotions of the characters throughout the story. In this unique coming of age story, Marji constantly struggles with the pressure to conform to cultural norms, most notably in the three different schools she attends: herRead MoreAnalysis Of Persepolis1839 Words   |  8 Pagesthrough the graphic novel Persepolis, which talks about the lifestyle of a child who goes through revolution and then onto war and more really gives an insight into how different life is in different cultures around the world who do not get to experience the same freedoms of America. Marjane Satrapi employs her own point of view, imagery, and conflict in this story to portray her life in a brutally honest view of what Iran was like during a turbulent time. The book Persepolis, starts off with MarjiRead MorePersepolis Analysis1528 Words   |  7 Pagesfight for justice and express their opinions. The graphic novel Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi, explores a child’s perspective of the Iranian Revolution. Marjane sees the violence and lives through the terror of the Revolution, but she tries to fabricate the best out of the horrible situation. Throughout the book, the reader begins to see how children become involved in expressing their opinions. In Marjane Satrapis graphic novel Persepolis, the author explores Marjanes development from a naive, biasedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Persepolis 985 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many things that happened in the book Persepolis. The lenses that we read this book through the most is Gender Theory. This book talks about war in Iran, revolution, gender and much more. This book is about a young girl name Marji who have to face and see many terrible things happened in her home country i n Iran. A few examples of gender theory, it can be read through this book is when Marji mother have been insulted by men on the street, when the Guardians of the revolution took awayRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Persepolis 1206 Words   |  5 Pageschild, who grew up with the same type of attention Marjane Starapi received in Persepolis. Even though Marjane had close relations with many people in Persepolis, such as her uncle, the main similarity between this text and Alyssa’s story is that they both turn to their parents if they were truly concerned or confused. But each of them had family members whom were prevalent parts in their lives. The main character in Persepolis is stuck in the Iran Revolution and her parents were fighting for the countryRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Complete Persepolis 2283 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Benjamin Cardozo, an American jurist, said â€Å"Freedom of expression is the matrix, the indispensable condition, of nearly every other form of freedom.† In The Complete Persepolis, it is clearly seen that when a standard is set for women’s attire, restrictions of other freedoms come along with it. Throughout the book, the author, Marjane Satrapi, recounts her life in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, and the difficulties she encountered. She struggled with restricted freedomsRead MorePersepolis Context Analysis908 Words   |  4 PagesPersepolis is an autobiographical graphic novel, visually portraying the life of Marjane Satrapi and her experiences growing up in turmoils times. The novel recounts the stages in her life as she grows older, this follows her life going from a child growing up in the new Islamic regime that governed Iran to moving to Austria and France and being a teenager in the western world. Marjanes documentation of her life also allows f or an exclusive insight into what life is like a religious and authoritarianRead MorePersepolis Marxism Analysis1133 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Consumerism in Persepolis The Complete Persepolis, an autobiographical novel by Marjane Satrapi, tells the tale of Marjane’s childhood in Iran. In this story, Marjane (Marji) is brought up by communistic parents. Evidence of this Marxist upbringing is displayed several times throughout the book, like early on in the story when young Marji exclaims that â€Å"it was funny to see how much Marx and God looked like each other† (13). The audience can analyze Persepolis through a Marxist lens toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Persepolis 1094 Words   |  5 Pagesyour face, unless you have an amazing poker face. Faces in graphic novels do not always allow you to see what the characters are feeling, but may have an â€Å"open face† where the reader can use context clues or their imagination. This can be seen in Persepolis throughout the entire novel with Marji and the other characters within the text. Graphic novels use the element of â€Å"faces† to add emphasis on what the character is feeling, express a different reaction than what the text states, and having leftRead MoreAnalysis Of Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe memoir, in graphic novel format, Persepolis, written by Marjane Satrapi, describes and summarizes her progression from childhood to her adolescent years of life as a character named Marji. The author successfully accomplish explaining the important aspects of her life with the help of graphic images that summarizes the climaxes of her childhood. Her belief that her country’s government was disrupted and practically useless, in a sense that they do nothing to help or to better their country

What Does Drafting Mean in Composition

In composition, drafting is a stage of the writing process during which a writer organizes information and ideas into sentences and paragraphs. Writers approach drafting in various ways. Some writers like to start drafting before they develop a clear plan, notes John Trimbur, whereas others would not  think of drafting  without a carefully developed outline (The Call to Write, 2014). In any case, its common for writers to produce multiple drafts. Etymology From Old English, drawing Observations Just Put It DownConvince yourself that you are working in clay, not marble, on paper not eternal bronze: let that first sentence be as stupid as it wishes. No one will rush out and print it as it stands. Just put it down; then another. Your whole first paragraph or the first page may have to be guillotined in any case after your piece is finished: it is a kind of forebirth.Planning- Though some sort of plan is almost always useful when drafting, resist any temptation at this stage to pin down every detail in its proper place. A huge investment in planning can hamper you during drafting, making it difficult to respond to new ideas and even new directions that may prove fruitful.The Writers Best FriendThe main rule of a writer is never to pity your manuscript. If you see something is no good, throw it away and begin again. A lot of writers have failed because they have too much pity. They have already worked so much, they cannot just throw it away. But I say that the wastepaper basket is the writers best friend. My wastepaper basket is on a steady diet.Responding to Students DraftsInstead of finding errors or showing students how to patch up parts of their texts, we need to sabotage our students conviction that the drafts they have written are complete and coherent. Our comments need to offer students revision tasks of a different order of complexity and sophistication from the ones they themselves identify, by forcing students back into the chaos, back to the point where they are shaping and reshaping their meaning. Sources Jacques Barzun,  On Writing, Editing, and Publishing, 2nd ed. University of Chicago Press, 1986Jane E. Aaron,  The Compact Reader. Macmillan, 2007Isaac Bashevis Singer, quoted by Donald Murray in  Shoptalk: Learning to Write With Writers. Boynton/Cook, 1990Nancy Sommers, Responding to Student Writing, in  Concepts in Composition, ed. by Irene L. Clark. Erlbaum, 2003

Motorola and Globalization Free Essays

Motorola is an electronic communications pioneer and is one of the foremost designer and manufacturer of cellular phones, cordless phones, two-way radios, pagers, cable modems, broadband set-top boxes, and other communications products and systems. About 60% of its sales are from outside USA. Motorola has followed the global strategy for several decades and has used this strategy to increase business revenues. We will write a custom essay sample on Motorola and Globalization or any similar topic only for you Order Now The company started to enlarge its operations outside the United States by building a plant in Mexico and marketing Motorola products in eight countries, including Japan. In 1961, an office was opened in Japan and in 1968 Motorola Semiconductors Japan was formed to design, market, and sell integrated circuits. There was an ongoing attention to  Ã‚   globalization by Motorola on Asian, Eastern European, and Latin American markets in the early 1990s. In 1993, the company announced ‘Corporate America’s biggest manufacturing project in China’: two plants for the manufacture of simple integrated circuits, pagers, and cellular phones. The changes at Motorola are part of a wider movement in American business   Most companies, including Motorola, are also increasing their importance on creativity and innovation, as globalization has led to increasing competition from low-cost rivals from abroad .. According to its CEO Ed Zander, â€Å"In order to compete successfully in today’s global world, companies must invest in the countries they do business in, learn the ins and outs of doing business in those countries, and not view them as simply a source of cheap labor†. With such global strategy, Motorola has acquired a presence in the global market that goes further than a few marketing maneuvers. Together with Global strategy, it has inherent sincerity about supporting its customers and training its employees which have pervaded its policies as well as its budget   Motorola has   focused on customers and relationships, a respect for the work force and a strict sense of responsibility.. All of these strategies have led to its success and today Motorola is the world’s number 2 in sales of cell phone. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_32/b3946103_mz063.htm Ed Zander on Motorola’s tech Turnaround,11/28/2005 , Working Knowledge for business leaders Archives Retrieved on 6/12 /2007 http://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/5113.html       How to cite Motorola and Globalization, Essay examples

Company Business Privacy and Legal Measures

Question: Discuss about the Company Business Privacy and Legal Measures. Answer: SMPR needs improved data communication to foster cooperation and coordination of activities within its branches. The current system which they are using is disintegrated, with each branch having its information. This makes it difficult for executives from various outlets to collaborate on clients projects. Additionally, SMPR needs a system which will improve their operations as well as enhance the competitiveness in the market. Therefore, the organization needs an improved communication system which will make its operations efficient and effective. The company is likely to run into significant problems in integrating and coordinating the needed network. This is because, the company branches have been operating like independent firms, each having its data and resources. Therefore, it will be tough to harmonize this branches because each outlet will want to keep its information. Furthermore, since the branches have been used to operate independently, they are likely to perceive this new system as intrusive in their activities. Therefore, apart from just implementing the new system, the company also needs to train it workers on how to efficiently use it. Since the new corporate networking technology manager will be responsible for overseeing the effective designing, installation and administration of SMPRs new system, academic qualifications in informatics are paramount. This will specify the technical capabilities of those applying for the position. Therefore, the company should insist on technical and problem-solving abilities of those interested. This will make the individual have the capacity to introduce the best data communication system. Apart from technical capabilities, this job also requires an individual with excellent communication and decision-making skills. Furthermore, the company should insist on leadership abilities of people applying for the vacancy. This is because the corporate networking manager will be the one responsible for all issues arising from his or her department. Therefore, he or she should have good leadership skill to coordinate other members of the staff. The owner of a business such as SMPR needs to know detailed information about data communication. This is because it is the foundation of all the companys undertaking. For instance, the company conducts all of its activities ranging from obtaining a customer project to its completion. Furthermore, the company has several branches which apply data communication for coordination. Therefore, the owner must have the capabilities to monitor all activities the firm is undertaking. Hence, detailed knowledge of data communication is paramount for the smooth coordination of the companys activities. The companys mission statement should address security, privacy and legal measures that a client can take in case they feel their information has been compromised. This three elements will make customers feel that their data is safe. Most customers are very critical on how the information they give to companies such as SMPR is used. Therefore, if SMPR guarantees privacy and security of this information through their mission statement, the clients will be more than willing to seek services from the company. Apart from just stating these elements in their mission statement, the company should also develop their systems to support the mission statement. This will raise clients confidence in the firm.

Camping during Orientation Week at Bowdoin College

After unloading bags, claiming beds and kissing parents goodbye, the first thing every Bowdoin first year student does upon arriving at the college is camp out in Farley field house. Walking into the enormous indoor track, I was taken aback by how many people had already set up sleeping bags and were already making friends. As scary as it was to be in a room without knowing anyone, the air of excitement was infectious. I set off to find my pre-Orientation group. Upon their arrival, Bowdoin sends new students on trips around Maine. Each trip has 8-10 people, along with two upperclassmen leaders, and range from kayaking to hiking to community service at a local town. I had opted to do an intensive backpacking trip, and looked around for the sign â€Å"Saddleback Hiking.† I found my group, and, bonded by our mutual wish to give off a good impression, we began chatting the night away. Sleeping in the field house was uncomfortable, but could do little to dampen our spirits, and before long we were off into the great outdoors. Over the next four days, we pushed ourselves mentally and physically traversing the beautiful Saddleback Mountains, all the while joking, laughing and discussing our previous lives. We were all from different cities, states (in my case, countries) and backgrounds, and we wiled many hours away learning more about each other. Eventually, after a grueling final day of hiking beginning at 3 AM, we made our way down to be picked up by the bus. Though I was glad to be going back in a real bed, I was also anxious. I had only met my four new roommates for a brief moment before being whisked away, and had no idea what they were like (despite much perusal of their Facebook feeds). I arrived back on campus and my floor mates filtered in one by one. Once we had all arrived, Orientation Week officially began. Orientation Week was a hectic series of functions designed to acclimate us to our new school. Between the seminars, plays, speeches and tours, we came back to the dorms everyday exhausted but exhilarated, as we were all becoming fast friends. The most important thing to come out of this period was registering for our fall semester courses, which would start the Monday of the next week. Shortly after starting classes, it became clear to me that college would be very different from high school. Though I am lucky to attend a school with wonderful professors and facilities, the workload and material were much harder than I was used to. However, I enjoyed the challenges presented in my new courses, and everyone I met seemed to love what they were learning. Before I knew it, the first month had passed. While it was several more months before I felt completely adjusted, Bowdoin had quickly become home. ​Written by Brendan Malley, a rising junior at Bowdoin College. Are you looking to apply to Bowdoinor just starting to build outyour college list? Make sure to search through profiles of students accepted to see essays, stats, and advice.Choosing where to go to college is an incredibly important decision. Make an informed choice by talking to current students on ourmentorship platform. Access 60,000+ successfulcollege application filesuploaded by college students. is a community of students helping students. See how they got in, and how you can too!

Mithridates and the Mithridatic Wars

Mithridates and the Mithridatic Wars While still a child, Mithridates, later King Mithridates VI of Pontus, official friend of Rome, developed a reputation that included matricide and a paranoid fear of being poisoned. Roman Treaties - Information on What Is Meant by a Friend of Rome During the Roman Republic, competing military leaders Sulla and Marius wanted the honor of disposing of the greatest challenge to Roman supremacy since the Punic War general Hannibal Barca. From the end of the second to the middle of the first century B.C, this was the long-lived Mithridates VI of Pontus (132-63 B.C.), a thorn in Romes side for 40 years. The rivalry between the two Roman generals led to the  loss of blood at home, but only one of them, Sulla, confronted Mithridates abroad. Despite the great battlefield competence of Sulla and Marius  and their personal confidence in their ability to check the Eastern despot, it was neither Sulla nor Marius who put an end to the Mithridatic problem. Instead, it was Pompey the Great, who earned his honorific in the process. Location of Pontus - Home of Mithridates The mountainous district of Pontus lay on the eastern side of the Black Sea, beyond the province of Asia and Bithynia, north of Galatia and Cappadocia, west of Armenia, and south of Colchis. [See Map of Asia Minor.] It was founded by King Mithridates I Ktistes (301-266 B.C.). In the Third Punic War (149 - 146 B.C.), King Mithridates V Euergetes (r. 150-120) who claimed descent from the Persian King Darius, helped Rome. Rome gave him Phrygia Major in gratitude. He was the most powerful king in Asia Minor. By the time Rome had annexed Pergamum to create the province of Asia (129 B.C.), the kings of Pontus had moved from their capital in Amasia to rule from the Black Sea port city of Sinope. Mithridates - Youth and Poison In 120 B.C., while still a child, Mithridates (Mithradates) Eupator (132-83 B.C.) became king of the area of Asia Minor known as Pontus. His mother may have assassinated her husband, Mithridates V, in order to take power, since she served as regent and ruled in her young sons stead. Afraid his mother would try to kill him, Mithridates went into hiding. During this time, Mithridates started ingesting small doses of various poisons in order to develop an immunity. When Mithridates returned (c. 115-111), he took command, imprisoned his mother (and, possibly, ordered her execution), and started to extend his dominion.After Mithridates acquired Greek towns in Colchis and whats now the Crimea, he developed a strong fleet to hold his territories. But that wasnt all. Since the Greek towns hed overtaken proved so lucrative, providing resources in the form of revenue, officers, and mercenary soldiers, Mithridates wanted to increase his Greek holdings. Next page Mithridates expands his empire Page 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Print SourcesH. H. Scullards revised version of F.B. Marshs Roman World 146-30 B.C.Cambridge Ancient History Vol. IX, 1994. Also on this site Gaius Julius CaesarGaius MariusSullaTimeline of the Late Roman Republic Previous Articles -I tell the tale that I heard told.Mithridates, he died old.From A.E. Housman Terence, this is stupid stuff

Educational Problems in Philosophical Perspective Research Paper

Educational Problems in Philosophical Perspective - Research Paper Example John Dewey summarized this debate in his book Experience and Education (2007). According to Dewey the practical affairs at school surround the debate between the traditional and progressive education. The traditional view of education is based on the premise that education is a body of information and skills crafted in the past hence schools are supposed to transfer to the new generation (Dewey, 2007). Many develop standards in the past like moral training, such as developing habits in the students confirm to these rules. The normal pattern of a social institute is in sharp contrast to the schools. For instance one can imagine the environment in an ordinary schoolroom. It includes time schedules, classes, exams, rules etc. Hence there is a general pattern that is found in the organization. In comparison, the environment at home where families live and communicate with each other, is completely different from the picture of a school classroom just portrayed. Regardless of which side the debate goes there is no denying that the main aim of education is to equip the youth for future responsibilities. Education aims to make them successful in their lives. This is achieved through imprinting information and skills in the minds of students, whenever they are understanding any instructional material. However, there are certain dependent factors that come along with this approach.

Disruptive Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Disruptive Innovation - Essay Example The new entrants come up with new innovative hard disks that could not be used by the customers because of little raw performance. The innovations that leads to something unique and move out of the traditional market, making it a nontraditional one, despite of various limitations that make it unattractive to the mainstream is termed as Disruptive innovation. In short, present players in the market wins the battle by sustaining innovation but new entrants win the battle by disruptive innovations (Anthony, 2008, p. 4). Straining strategy leads to influence or shape the market in which one competes whereas disruptive strategy â€Å"redefine the market, create a new one and defend against attacks from below† (Anthony, 2008, p. 5). Historically companies have succeeded in using sustained innovations at a market with higher tier by charging the uppermost price from sophisticated and demanding customers. In this way, the company achieves profit. This in turn opens the door for Disrup tive innovations. A disruptive innovation helps the consumers at the bottom of the market to access such products that were previously accessible to only those customers who had lots of money and skill. The characteristics of disruptive innovation include â€Å"lower gross margins, smaller target markets, and simpler products and services† (Disruptive Innovation, n.d.), which may appear not so attractive to the existing solutions when compared with the traditional ones. These innovations offers the market with a lower gross margin making it less attractive for the firms moving upward and making space for the new competitors. Thus having a brief idea about the disruptive innovation as exhibited by Christen, some further elaborations about the model of disruptive innovation is required. This study deals in selecting a sector where any type of disruptive innovations has taken place. Assessing the response of the companies and finding the factors responsible for such response and the correlation with the model developed by Clayton Christensen. The sector which is taken in this paper for analysis is cloud computing technology. But before moving into the detailed explanations, a brief knowledge about cloud computing procedure needs to be discussed in a clear manner and the model developed by Christensen can be explained. 2. Christensen model of disruptive innovation The model of disruptive innovation by Clayton Christensen is basically a hypothesis which can be generally exploited for the purpose of explaining the impact of new technologies on the existence of a firm. The term disruptive innovation was first coined by Clayton Christensen in the year 1997 in his book named, â€Å"The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail".  It has been seen that time and again associated with the failure or displacement of the organizations from their respective industries the organizations â€Å"could see the break coming, merely did nothing until it was excessively late†. Through doing well, the companies are alleged to do and they actually provide to their most profitable customers and highly concentrate on the investments in areas where the profit margins are majorly attractive. This situation generates due to the resourcefulness allocation processes of the constituted

History of reggae

History of reggae   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The revolutionary music genre known as reggae came from a few other music styles known as ska, rocksteady, the traditional Jamaican music, or even American RB. Most of these genres are originally found in Jamaica and Africa, but reggae was originally from Jamaica. The word reggae was defined by a famous reggae artist, Frederick Hibbert as music from the rebels, people who dont have what they want (Shelemay 388). The instrument used in reggae music differs from bass, drums, guitars, electric keyboards, to vocals that follow the rhythm of the beat or the melody. The usual drums are tuned high to make it sound similar to the timbale and bongos are to be played freely. Also the bass guitar is often essential in reggae, for they call the bass and drums the main rhythm. The harmony is often very simple that will consist of one or two cords that will repeat, like a drone and this makes the form of reggae to be strophic. The melody is usually upbeat and lively . The tempo is moderate; it is not too fast and not too slow, but upbeat. Rhythm is the key to reggae music and the lyrics of reggae involve a variety of subjects, but mainly focus on peace and political issues. Other topics could include poverty, sex, religious beliefs, and social injustice. The texture of it may differ from biphonic to polyphonic, but rarely monophonic. Rastafarianism plays a huge role in reggae music because it is a common religion among Jamaicans and Africans. So many lyrics contribute to this religion and also Rastafarian rallies or peace rallies mainly played reggae music. Reggae is mostly played in concerts, protests, or rallies. Many famous reggae musicians use their music to spread messages of political issues, peace, or social injustice almost like a battle cry. For example Bob Marley and the wailers wrote a song called Zimbabwe and performed in a stadium when Rhodesia got their independence from Great Britain. The audience sang along with Marley, but shortly after Marley was sent off the stage it became a protest. There are no specific roles when it comes to gender, but mostly men are reggae artists. A lot of the women sing in the background. There is no particular dance that goes along with the music style of reggae; the people connect to reggae through the lyrics and the rhythm of the beat. The Rastafarians use reggae mus ic as protests and for hope living in the ghettos. Bob Marley, the most well-known reggae artist, helped spread reggae throughout the world and still today his popularity grows, preserving this genre of music. Passed down to the next generation after death of Bob Marley, Ziggy Marley and Damian Marley are still spreading reggae music worldwide and keeping their fathers legacy alive. As for Reggae music, it has influenced a great deal of people and musician. It also influenced new genres that are popular today, such as Puerto Ricos reggaeton music and the innovative hip-hop music. Bibliography: Shelemay, Kay Kaufman. Soundscapes: Exploring Music in a Changing World. New York and London: W.W. Norton Comapny, Inc., 2001. Reggae. Wikipedia. 2009. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.. 06 October 2009 . Scaruffi, Piero. Scaruffi.com. 06 October 2009 . Romer, Megan. About.com. New York Times Co.. 06 October 2009 . Tutwiler, Alana. suite101.com. Suite101.com Media Inc.. 06 October 2009 .

Internet vs traditional classrooms Essay

Computer and internet technologies have significantly altered the ways various tasks are carried out. These technologies have introduced alternatives in virtually all fields, which have brought about mixed reactions among stakeholders. Different reactions are usually expressed because these technologies bring about merits and demerits. The learning processes have not been spared by the advancements made in the fields of both internet and computer technologies. The traditional classrooms are gradually being replaced by the internet classrooms as more and more technological advancements are being achieved. There is however a ranging debate, among different stakeholders within the education sector allover the world. While some have welcomed the replacement of traditional classrooms by the internet ones, others have strongly opposed the move. Stakeholders supporting the internet classrooms argue that they offer students and teachers a more advanced learning environment. On the other hand, the opponents of internet classrooms argue that they are reducing the teacher-student interaction which is vital in any learning process. However, looking critically at the facts surrounding the internet and traditional classrooms, there are more benefits associated with the internet classrooms compared to the traditional classrooms and hence the development of these classrooms should be encouraged (Platt et al, para 2-3). Arguments in favor of internet classrooms Internet classrooms are not only convenient but they are also highly flexible to both the students and the instructors. This mode of learning permits students to easily access various materials and contents they are supposed to learn. Such contents can be accessed by students at any time and from any place. As a result, students are not limited to the learning materials and contents that are available from their schools. Internet classes thus increase the knowledge base of students, since they can access a wide range of learning materials. On the other hand, students learning from traditional classrooms are only limited to the learning materials available from their institutions. The students learning via internet classrooms are therefore better placed to learn more details and materials compared to their counterparts learning through the traditional classrooms (Linn, Davis, and Bell, pp 22). Internet based classrooms are much more efficient in terms of knowledge transfer to the students. Instructors teaching their students via the internet enjoy the flexibility of using several methods to pass information to their students. Therefore, students who are not comfortable in a certain method of teaching have the opportunity of paying attention to other methods used in internet classrooms. Such forms of flexibility have the effect of increasing the performance of students since the learning process is much more efficient. In well established internet classrooms instructors are more likely to use less amount of time in teaching a certain course and achieve high level performance as opposed to the traditional classroom learning. The traditional classrooms are less efficient and it is quite difficult for instructors teaching students in such learning environments to effectively use different teaching methods and accommodate the needs of all students in the classroom. Lack of variety in the traditional classrooms has the likelihood of affecting the performance of students. The most affected ones are those who are not favored by the rigid teaching methods adopted by their instructors (Bartini, para 4). Learning via the internet classes greatly eases the ability of instructors to receive feedbacks from their students. Feedbacks from students are very essential to instructors as it is one way through which they can assess and evaluate their performance. Without feedbacks from students it is quite difficult for the instructors to determine objectively whether they are effective in passing knowledge to the students. Instructors also get to learn the teaching methods that are favored by students and thus apply them more while teaching them. On the other hand, it is very difficult for the instructors teaching students using the traditional classrooms to get feedbacks from their students. Lack of such feedback essentially implies that instructors are not in a good position to objectively assess and evaluate their work. It is therefore difficult for such instructors to make any meaningful improvements within a short period of time. Lack of proper feedback mechanism in traditional classrooms is likely to affect the performance of the students (Bartini, para 6). It is possible for students being taught through either internet or traditional classrooms to perform well in their examinations. However, due to the high effective and efficient nature of internet classrooms, good results can be achieved with lower levels of input. Instructors do not have to spend a lot of time elaborating on various points to the class since the students can access a wide variety of materials which they can in turn compare with the ones they receive from their teachers. On the other hand, for students learning via the traditional classrooms to perform well, a lot of time is required since these classes are less effective and efficient. Internet classrooms are therefore much better compared to the traditional classrooms, since better results can be achieved with less inputs and efforts (Platt et al, para 8). Participation of students in various class activities is a very crucial element as far the learning process is concerned. Increased student participation does not only make the learning process more involving and enjoyable, but it also improves the whole learning experience. Internet classrooms are very good in facilitating increased participation of students in class activities. Students are compelled to research more on various issues they are learning in class as well as topics they come across in the internet. They can easily form discussion groups and other learning structures from which they can carryout some research to present to class in turn. Increased student participation in class activities ensures that all students are well involved in the crucial class activities and that no single student is left behind. Similar levels of participation among students are not possible within the traditional classroom set ups. It therefore means that students learning in traditional classrooms are not in a good position to participate effectively in class activities and thus add significant value to the learning process. Their main duty in class is listening and taking note from their instructors. Since increased participation of students in class activities reveals certain weaknesses possessed by students, such cannot easily be determined in traditional classrooms setups where student participation is minimal (Platt et al, para 9). Research projects are a very essential and integral part of the learning process of each student. Research endows students with the necessary skills and techniques of carrying out various studies. Even students learning via traditional classrooms can properly carryout research projects, they are significantly limited. Students learning via internet classes highly advantaged in carrying out their research projects other studies. It is easy for them to not only carryout the research but also be easily assisted by their instructors in case they come across any difficult while carrying out their studies. Students learning in internet based classrooms are likely to spend much less time in researching for their coursework projects, compared to students learning in traditional classroom set ups (Linn, Davis, and Bell, pp 34). Internet based classrooms, greatly exposes students to several technological facilities when they are still young and fresh. One of the greatest objectives of learning is to enable students to apply in future, various skills and techniques that have been learnt. Students are usually prepared by their institutions for the greater challenges ahead in their professional careers. In order for students to be better prepared for such challenges, they have to be well endowed with various technological skills. Internet based classrooms are highly efficient in impacting the necessary technological skills to the students (Schofield and Davidson pp 51). Arguments against internet classrooms At the initial stages of internet based classrooms, especially during the stages of design and development, significant time is consumed thus making these types of classes less efficient. Student as well as instructor’s time is wasted and such may be reflected in the poor performance of students in various examinations. A lot of time is consumed in accessing information online, downloading or uploading learning materials and also when developing and designing various learning messages for the students. If both the instructors and students are not in a position to quickly overcome various simple challenges brought about by the use of internet as a means of learning, this type of classrooms can in the end prove to be highly inefficient and ineffective (Bartini, para 11). Interaction between the students and their instructors is a very essential element in the learning process. However, internet based classrooms are highly efficient in eliminating this vital aspect of the learning process. The level of interaction and communication between the students and their instructors in internet classrooms is minimal and greatly affects the relationship between both sides. Effective learning process does not only involve impacting of knowledge to students. Developing a cordial working relationship between the students and their teachers is also very essential as it greatly facilitates the learning process. Traditional classrooms are the best placed for the development of a good relationship within the classroom environment. Therefore, in regard to the level of interaction between students and teachers, traditional classes are much better compared to the internet ones (Brown, para 13). Conclusion From the essay, it is quite clear that internet based classes are much better compared to the traditional classes. They improve the level of student participation in class activities thus making the learning process a good experience for both students and teachers. Through internet classes, it is much easier for feedback from students to be obtained and thus facilitate the evaluation process. Internet classes are very good in terms of effectiveness and efficiency in passing knowledge to the students. Due to this type of classroom setup, performance of students is highly enhanced. However, internet classrooms are associated with the detriment of increasing the gap between the students and their teachers, thus hurting the relationship between them. These two groups should maintain a good working relationship for good results to be achieved. Such a relationship can only be developed and nurtured properly under the traditional classroom setups. All in all, internet based classrooms are much better than the traditional ones and the few demerits of this type of classrooms can be ironed out through proper management of the learning facilities.

Boumediene V. Bush: an Unconstitutional Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus

Kevin C March 26, 2013 US History I Honors Boumediene v. Bush The United States is a free country that was forged out of the tyrannical English Monarchy. Thomas Jefferson wrote that â€Å"All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights† (Declaration of Independence). Those rights are represented in the United States Constitution which is the foundation which strongly upholds American ideals and beliefs.Although the Constitution does not always apply to foreigners, Boumediene and the other detainees at Guantanamo Bay deserve habeas corpus rights because it is a fundamental principle that applies to everyone, regardless of state or nationality. The final decision that was made by the US Supreme Court was the correct one because they realized that Guantanamo is under US jurisdiction, the DTA provides an inadequate substitution to habeas corpus, and that MCA does violate the Suspension Clause of the Constitution. In 2008, Boumedien e, a captive at Guantanamo Bay had his habeas corpus rights denied by the D.C. District Court and the Appellate Court based on bills passed by Congress. The founding fathers specifically state in Article 1, Section 9 that congress shall not pass any bill that restricts habeas corpus rights. The detainees at Guantanamo Bay live in cells for twenty-three hours of the day. They are in constant fear of being abused and tortured, mentally and physically by the guards and many have been at the naval base for over five years. Among all the detainees, none have been given access to any type of tribunal board to hear what their being convicted of.The biggest problem is that all of them have been denied habeas corpus rights which effectively allows the Executive Branch of the US government to hold them indefinitely. The United States has adopted many of England’s traditions. One of which are habeas corpus rights derived from the Magna Carta signed in 1215. However, when the case reache d the District Court, the Bush administration plead their case stating that Guantanamo Bay was not on Sovereign US soil, therefore, the protection of habeas corpus could not be granted to the etainees. However, looking back in history to the English, they were in a similar predicament. India was officially a part of the British Empire in 1858, however, the British had occupied the country since the 1700’s with a heavy military presence. Despite India not becoming an official part of the British Empire, the Writ of Habeas Corpus was being incorporated into their government since the dawn of the nineteenth century. The Indian government were allowed to hear cases of habeas corpus since 1773.But, it was not until 1775 when it was actually first used by chief justice, Sir Elijah Impey to question his detention by Governor-General Warren Hastings at the Calcutta Supreme Court (A. G Noorani). The British allowed Indian prisoners the right of habeas corpus even though they did not h ave sovereignty of the country. This example in history sets precedent that if a country occupies a territory with a heavy military presence, then the right of habeas corpus shall be extended as well. The Supreme Court agrees because they voted in a 6-3 majority in the case, Rasul v.Bush. Supreme Court Justice Stevens issued his concurring opinion which stated that the detainees â€Å"have never been afforded access to any tribunal, much less charged with and convicted of wrongdoing†¦they have been imprisoned in territory over which the United States exercise exclusive jurisdiction and control† (Stevens, Opinion of the Court, 542 U. S. ). The Supreme Court ultimately decided that since the US government maintained a strong military presence and holds an indefinite lease over the area, it therefore had complete jurisdiction and control over the base in Cuba.Because the US government had complete jurisdiction over the base, ultimate sovereignty, which is granted to Cuba, h olds no weight in the argument. This essentially makes Guantanamo Bay part of the US and not Cuba, which means Sovereign US laws should apply there, the same as it would to any US State or territory. The respondents stated to the Appeals Court that detainees are given a fair alternative to habeas corpus rights. However, these alternatives do not protect the detainee as fully as habeas corpus would.The respondents stated that the Combat Status Review Tribunals (CSRT), which were established by the Defense Department, were put into place for the sole purpose of hearing the cases of the detainees. However, there are many flaws in having such a system determine the legality of one’s detention. The Supreme Court recognizes that the CSRT process for hearing cases puts many â€Å"constraints upon the detainee’s ability to rebut the factual basis for the Government’s assertion that he is an enemy combatant† (Boumediene v. Bush, 476F. 3d981).Some flaws the court p oints out is that the CSRT assumes that the detainees are guilty before the trial has even started and it is all up to the detainee to prove that they are in fact, not enemy combatants. This goes against the typical US court proceedings when all suspects are presumed innocent until proven otherwise. The bias shown by the members of the CSRT puts the detainees at a disadvantage. Furthermore, while many of the detainees have a limited knowledge of English, they are not given the specifics as to what crimes they are being charged with because the information may be classified.Additionally, with no textual evidence, the detainees often go into the CSRT board empty handed and without legal representation. Not only do the proceedings of the CSRT seem unfair, it also seems to be designed to intentionally make it difficult for detainees to secure their freedom. Coming back to the respondents original claim, if the CSRT is essentially a substitute for habeas corpus, why not just use habeas c orpus? Habeas corpus has been around since 1215 and has survived in the US Government for over 300 years for a reason†¦ it is an effective way for people to question the legality of their detention by the government.The Military Commissions Act (MCA) of 2006 was an amendment to the Detainee Treatment Act (DTA) which would have disallowed Federal Courts to hear writs of habeas corpus from the detainees at Guantanamo Bay. The US Supreme Court decided that because the DTA was an inadequate substitution for habeas corpus, then the MCA cannot strip away Federal courts jurisdiction to hear habeas corpus cases. The reason behind this is that it would then be an unconstitutional suspension of the writ of habeas corpus because it violates the Suspension Clause.At the Appellate Court, the respondents (Bush) stated that the Suspension Clause is an ‘individual’ right granted only to US citizens. However, while looking at the text of the Suspension Clause in context, it states: â€Å"The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the Public Safety may require it† (US Constitution, art 1, sec 9). The Supreme Court counters the respondent’s argument by stating that the Suspension Clause is meant to be a limitation to Congresses powers and not something that applies to individuals.Nevertheless, nowhere in that phrase do the words ‘individual’ or ‘citizen’ ever show up. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that the Suspension Clause only applies to US citizens and that it is not a universal right to anyone being held under US jurisdiction. Additionally, the founding fathers placed the Suspension Clause in Article 1, Section 9 in the Constitution. This is important because if the founding fathers specifically intended to apply the Suspension Clause to US citizens only, then they would have placed it in the Bill of Rights which are specifically reserved for the people to protect them against the government.Furthermore, the rest of the clauses in Article 1, Section 9 specifically state what types of activities that the Legislative Branch cannot do. Hence, the Suspension Clause, because of its placement, was intended to be a limitation upon the abuse of power by the Legislative Branch. Lastly, the principle of separation of powers came from the idea that each branch would be able to check one another. The MCA effectively stops the Judiciary Branch to do its job therefore is also unconstitutional.

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials Worksheets and Answers